Steel can be bonded with the right epoxy but those dropouts you want don't really have a large enough tab to insert into the bamboo and provide adequate glueing surface.
It's quite easy to just make your own sliding dropouts from aluminum plate and buy the inserts to go in them.
The bamboo mtb I posted recently has handmade sliders with paragon inserts.
It may seem like a sliding fit would be hard to achieve but with a drill, a good file and a bit of patience it can be done.
I didn't have a full template but was able to get a precise measurement of the slot diameter from another bike ( a pen with the exact same diameter
) and used that as a gauge.
When the inserts arrived they were a perfect fit.