The worst thing about Paleo is the name. It gets a bad rap because people focus on describing it based on what Paleo man ate. No one knows exactly what Paleo man ate and the diet isn't meant to be interpreted literally.
The basic tenants are: center your meals on lean meats and fish. And eat as many fresh fruits and vegetables as you want. Things to avoid are grains, sugars, dairy and all the processed garbage that makes up the majority of the "modern" diet.
I agree with squirtdad in that there is no "one size fits all" when it comes to any dietary plan. The "Paleo for Athletes" book by Loren Cordain, PhD, is targeted toward endurance athletes. Even then, individual results will vary.
But whatever name you want to call it, the Paleo plan is pretty much just common sense clean eating. I found a great Paleo cookbook filled with tons of delicious recipes. If you're interested, check it out at
http://getleandiet.net