I think it depends how much time you can put into maintenance during the winter. My chain rusts in spite of frequent lubing. My front derailleur seized last year and so did one of the cantilevers on my front brake. This was after a few winters.
There's also mistakes I made. I hung my bike up at work in my office so as junk thawed it dripped down onto the rest of the bike instead of straight onto the throw rugs I have on the floor. This year I leave it on the floor, wipe it down more often and try to keep a thin coat of oil on any exposed steel parts. My frame has been OK, it's the steel parts of components that have suffered.
I'll see how things go this year but given my past experience I would choose an old reliable bike over a new one for the winter unless I had a pretty healthy bike budget, - which I don't.