Up a hill? Yes, a road bike will probably clobber a hybrid and frankly, if a road biker loses to a mountain biker up a road hill it's grounds for severe sanctions.
Typically road bikes are lighter and skinnier, higher pressure tires are more efficient. Having said that, 90% of it is the engine (ie rider) but that's not to say that a road bike of sufficient lightness and stiffness wouldn't make a difference.