Actually it would be easy to see what difference the gender made---head-to-head competition. But there i sno point. Measure the speeds, measure the shot speed, etc.
The fastest women marathoners is about 20 minutes behind the fastest male. I guess it would depend when hirmone suppression star6ted, but the males tend to be more muscular regardless .... read some anatomy.
And as far as not a lot of trans women winning ... check the news. It has already become controversial at the college level exactly because people who spent most of their lives growing as men and then got their penises amputated are still basically men,. Research can be done. You can do it.