Go Back  Bike Forums > Bike Forums > Advocacy & Safety
Reload this Page >

Should taillights be mandatory?

Notices
Advocacy & Safety Cyclists should expect and demand safe accommodation on every public road, just as do all other users. Discuss your bicycle advocacy and safety concerns here.
View Poll Results: Should taillights be mandatory for night riding?
Yes, require 1 taillight
73.75%
Yes, require more than 1 taillight due to possible light failures
7.50%
No, let Darwin sort them out
15.00%
No, ninja cycling is not dangerous
3.75%
Voters: 80. You may not vote on this poll

Should taillights be mandatory?

Old 01-24-10, 11:15 AM
  #101  
Senior Member
 
Join Date: Dec 2009
Posts: 4,700
Mentioned: 0 Post(s)
Tagged: 0 Thread(s)
Quoted: 2 Post(s)
Likes: 0
Liked 5 Times in 4 Posts
Originally Posted by I-Like-To-Bike
What is so annoying about THAT mandatory requirement vice a mandatory light requirement?
Because if you're festooned with lights the little red reflectors that meet CPSC guidelines and are the types required by law are superfluous.

Rest assured if you don't have an "approved" reflector on your bike, it WILL be held against you if you're hit at night. Even if you're lit up like a Christmas tree.
achoo is offline  
Old 01-24-10, 11:27 AM
  #102  
Been Around Awhile
 
I-Like-To-Bike's Avatar
 
Join Date: Oct 2004
Location: Burlington Iowa
Posts: 29,957

Bikes: Vaterland and Ragazzi

Mentioned: 0 Post(s)
Tagged: 0 Thread(s)
Quoted: 12 Post(s)
Liked 1,527 Times in 1,040 Posts
Originally Posted by achoo
Rest assured if you don't have an "approved" reflector on your bike, it WILL be held against you if you're hit at night. Even if you're lit up like a Christmas tree.
I've heard that urban legend before, can you validate it by pointing to a single case where lack of a reflector "was held" against a well lit cyclist?
I-Like-To-Bike is offline  
Old 01-24-10, 11:35 AM
  #103  
Elitest Murray Owner
 
Mos6502's Avatar
 
Join Date: Apr 2006
Posts: 2,657

Bikes: 1972 Columbia Tourist Expert III, Columbia Roadster

Mentioned: 0 Post(s)
Tagged: 0 Thread(s)
Quoted: 1 Post(s)
Likes: 0
Liked 3 Times in 2 Posts
If you're smart enough to have a tail light, then why would you care if there was a law requiring you to have one?

It's not like this is a slippery slope, and next thing you know bikes are going to have airbags and seat belts.
Mos6502 is offline  
Old 01-24-10, 12:22 PM
  #104  
Senior Member
 
mikeybikes's Avatar
 
Join Date: May 2009
Location: Edgewater, CO
Posts: 3,213

Bikes: Tons

Mentioned: 0 Post(s)
Tagged: 0 Thread(s)
Quoted: 0 Post(s)
Likes: 0
Liked 0 Times in 0 Posts
Originally Posted by Mos6502
If you're smart enough to have a tail light, then why would you care if there was a law requiring you to have one?
Because its just one more law for our judicial system to handle and police to enforce.

Also, where do you draw the line? The argument is that lights make it easier for a car to see you. Sure, I'll give you that. So do reflective vests. So does reflective tape all around your bike. So does three taillights.

If all these make it easier for a car to see you, then why not have a law?

You're right though, requirements like those would be ludicrous, but if you ride with those, why wouldn't you care?
mikeybikes is offline  
Old 01-24-10, 01:15 PM
  #105  
Senior Member
 
Join Date: Jan 2008
Location: Boston
Posts: 4,556
Mentioned: 0 Post(s)
Tagged: 0 Thread(s)
Quoted: 1 Post(s)
Likes: 0
Liked 1 Time in 1 Post
Originally Posted by I-Like-To-Bike
Then is the REAL ISSUE that there should be a mandatory requirement that cyclists must wear retro-reflective vests, reflective jerseys at night (light, bright colored clothing by day), and apply retro-reflective trimming and brightly painted surfaces to their bicycles as well as rear tail lights to maximize their visibility at "quite a distance"? Day and night? Couldn't hurt, eh? If not, why not?
You forgot the sirens. I'm pretty sure sirens would help.
crhilton is offline  
Old 01-24-10, 01:39 PM
  #106  
Been Around Awhile
 
I-Like-To-Bike's Avatar
 
Join Date: Oct 2004
Location: Burlington Iowa
Posts: 29,957

Bikes: Vaterland and Ragazzi

Mentioned: 0 Post(s)
Tagged: 0 Thread(s)
Quoted: 12 Post(s)
Liked 1,527 Times in 1,040 Posts
Originally Posted by crhilton
You forgot the sirens. I'm pretty sure sirens would help.
Why not; as well as mandatory tire studs for slippery conditions. And mandatory "training" by "certified" trainers to ride a bicycle in the approved manner.

Goes without saying what the mandatory safety wear should be on cyclist heads at all times. Anyone who doesn't agree with additional mandatory safety requirements shouldn't be allowed to ride anyway,eh?
I-Like-To-Bike is offline  
Old 01-24-10, 02:24 PM
  #107  
Senior Member
 
mikeybikes's Avatar
 
Join Date: May 2009
Location: Edgewater, CO
Posts: 3,213

Bikes: Tons

Mentioned: 0 Post(s)
Tagged: 0 Thread(s)
Quoted: 0 Post(s)
Likes: 0
Liked 0 Times in 0 Posts
As long as they don't mandate spandex.
mikeybikes is offline  
Old 01-24-10, 02:30 PM
  #108  
Senior Member
 
joejack951's Avatar
 
Join Date: May 2004
Location: Wilmington, DE
Posts: 12,100

Bikes: 2016 Hong Fu FM-079-F, 1984 Trek 660, 2005 Iron Horse Warrior Expert, 2009 Pedal Force CX1, 2016 Islabikes Beinn 20 (son's)

Mentioned: 36 Post(s)
Tagged: 0 Thread(s)
Quoted: 1242 Post(s)
Liked 94 Times in 65 Posts
Or ban it.
joejack951 is offline  
Old 01-24-10, 02:41 PM
  #109  
Senior Member
 
Wogster's Avatar
 
Join Date: Jul 2006
Location: Toronto (again) Ontario, Canada
Posts: 6,931

Bikes: Old Bike: 1975 Raleigh Delta, New Bike: 2004 Norco Bushpilot

Mentioned: 0 Post(s)
Tagged: 0 Thread(s)
Quoted: 4 Post(s)
Likes: 0
Liked 5 Times in 5 Posts
Originally Posted by Ngchen
Yesterday night I didn't see a ninja cyclist who was riding at the extreme right edge of the road until the last second. I believe said cyclist had the standard reflectors, and nothing else on a very busy 2 lane road (N Campbell Station for you locals).

So, should taillights be required safety equipment for night riding?
The standard reflectors are fine, if the motor vehicle is at the correct angle from the bicycle, like some of the older LCD monitors, it's directly behind or within a few degrees. Given this, tail lights should be required, but there should also be a federal standard for bicycle tail lights, like there is for automotive tail lights, effectively the tail light would act like a reflector when not lit.
Wogster is offline  
Old 01-24-10, 02:55 PM
  #110  
Elitest Murray Owner
 
Mos6502's Avatar
 
Join Date: Apr 2006
Posts: 2,657

Bikes: 1972 Columbia Tourist Expert III, Columbia Roadster

Mentioned: 0 Post(s)
Tagged: 0 Thread(s)
Quoted: 1 Post(s)
Likes: 0
Liked 3 Times in 2 Posts
What if they just mandate common sense?
Mos6502 is offline  
Old 01-24-10, 03:18 PM
  #111  
Senior Member
Thread Starter
 
Join Date: Nov 2005
Location: Knoxville, TN
Posts: 505
Mentioned: 0 Post(s)
Tagged: 0 Thread(s)
Quoted: 0 Post(s)
Likes: 0
Liked 0 Times in 0 Posts
Originally Posted by mikeshoup
Because its just one more law for our judicial system to handle and police to enforce.

Also, where do you draw the line? The argument is that lights make it easier for a car to see you. Sure, I'll give you that. So do reflective vests. So does reflective tape all around your bike. So does three taillights.

If all these make it easier for a car to see you, then why not have a law?

You're right though, requirements like those would be ludicrous, but if you ride with those, why wouldn't you care?
Reason is that a reasonable level of safety benefits everyone. No one wants to wreck with anyone else, even if the other person were a ninja. Ninjas getting killed skew the statistics on cycling safety to be more dangerous than it really is or should be. The exact amount of skew is probably unknown at the present.

That being said, IMHO the law should mandate a basic level of safety, and no more. You're correct in that safety vests, training, and such probably do make people safer, but they would go "beyond" the basic level IMO and would make cycling more expensive and less accessible, not to mention take away from people's sense of style. Consider the extreme in the other direction - no rules whatsoever. No brakes, no reflectors, nothing. Would such be a good idea?
Ngchen is offline  
Old 01-24-10, 03:27 PM
  #112  
Banned
 
dynodonn's Avatar
 
Join Date: Dec 2006
Location: U.S. of A.
Posts: 7,466
Mentioned: 41 Post(s)
Tagged: 0 Thread(s)
Quoted: 1268 Post(s)
Liked 78 Times in 67 Posts
Originally Posted by Mos6502
What if they just mandate common sense?
That's not going to happen, if it was possible, because it seems everybody's version of common sense tends to be a little different. I had a former employer who tried to tell me that working for him would be easy as long as one used their common sense. I tried like hell for several years to figure out what his version of common sense was, but only to end up resigning my employment with him in total frustration.
dynodonn is offline  
Old 01-24-10, 03:33 PM
  #113  
Senior Member
 
mikeybikes's Avatar
 
Join Date: May 2009
Location: Edgewater, CO
Posts: 3,213

Bikes: Tons

Mentioned: 0 Post(s)
Tagged: 0 Thread(s)
Quoted: 0 Post(s)
Likes: 0
Liked 0 Times in 0 Posts
Originally Posted by Ngchen
Reason is that a reasonable level of safety benefits everyone. No one wants to wreck with anyone else, even if the other person were a ninja. Ninjas getting killed skew the statistics on cycling safety to be more dangerous than it really is or should be. The exact amount of skew is probably unknown at the present.

That being said, IMHO the law should mandate a basic level of safety, and no more. You're correct in that safety vests, training, and such probably do make people safer, but they would go "beyond" the basic level IMO and would make cycling more expensive and less accessible, not to mention take away from people's sense of style. Consider the extreme in the other direction - no rules whatsoever. No brakes, no reflectors, nothing. Would such be a good idea?
Well, what's wrong with the current basic level of safety?

Some states require both a front light and rear light. Other states only require a front light and rear reflector. Is there a large gap in the number of traffic collisions between these states to justify a requirement of a rear light? These things all have to be considered.

If "ninjas" with only rear reflectors are so much of a threat to public safety, then why haven't more municipalities mandated rear lights?
mikeybikes is offline  
Old 01-24-10, 03:35 PM
  #114  
Senior Member
 
mikeybikes's Avatar
 
Join Date: May 2009
Location: Edgewater, CO
Posts: 3,213

Bikes: Tons

Mentioned: 0 Post(s)
Tagged: 0 Thread(s)
Quoted: 0 Post(s)
Likes: 0
Liked 0 Times in 0 Posts
Originally Posted by dynodonn
That's not going to happen, if it was possible, because it seems everybody's version of common sense tends to be a little different. I had a former employer who tried to tell me that working for him would be easy as long as one used their common sense. I tried like hell for several years to figure out what his version of common sense was, but only to end up resigning my employment with him in total frustration.
Common sense is almost never common nor sensible.
mikeybikes is offline  
Old 01-24-10, 03:56 PM
  #115  
Membership Not Required
 
wahoonc's Avatar
 
Join Date: Jan 2005
Location: On the road-USA
Posts: 16,855

Bikes: Giant Excursion, Raleigh Sports, Raleigh R.S.W. Compact, Motobecane? and about 20 more! OMG

Mentioned: 5 Post(s)
Tagged: 0 Thread(s)
Quoted: 70 Post(s)
Likes: 0
Liked 15 Times in 14 Posts
Originally Posted by Wogsterca
The standard reflectors are fine, if the motor vehicle is at the correct angle from the bicycle, like some of the older LCD monitors, it's directly behind or within a few degrees. Given this, tail lights should be required, but there should also be a federal standard for bicycle tail lights, like there is for automotive tail lights, effectively the tail light would act like a reflector when not lit.
No need to reinvent the wheel...so to speak.

Aaron



__________________
Webshots is bailing out, if you find any of my posts with corrupt picture files and want to see them corrected please let me know. :(

ISO: A late 1980's Giant Iguana MTB frameset (or complete bike) 23" Red with yellow graphics.

"Cycling should be a way of life, not a hobby.
RIDE, YOU FOOL, RIDE!"
_Nicodemus

"Steel: nearly a thousand years of metallurgical development
Aluminum: barely a hundred
Which one would you rather have under your butt at 30mph?"
_krazygluon
wahoonc is offline  
Old 01-24-10, 04:37 PM
  #116  
Senior Member
Thread Starter
 
Join Date: Nov 2005
Location: Knoxville, TN
Posts: 505
Mentioned: 0 Post(s)
Tagged: 0 Thread(s)
Quoted: 0 Post(s)
Likes: 0
Liked 0 Times in 0 Posts
FWIW the Cateye TL-LD500 also is a combined taillight/reflector. I am of the opinion that it's far more important that one has a taillight that works, than to worry about which light to get although some taillights are undoubtedly superior to others.
Ngchen is offline  
Old 01-24-10, 05:03 PM
  #117  
Membership Not Required
 
wahoonc's Avatar
 
Join Date: Jan 2005
Location: On the road-USA
Posts: 16,855

Bikes: Giant Excursion, Raleigh Sports, Raleigh R.S.W. Compact, Motobecane? and about 20 more! OMG

Mentioned: 5 Post(s)
Tagged: 0 Thread(s)
Quoted: 70 Post(s)
Likes: 0
Liked 15 Times in 14 Posts
Originally Posted by Ngchen
FWIW the Cateye TL-LD500 also is a combined taillight/reflector. I am of the opinion that it's far more important that one has a taillight that works, than to worry about which light to get although some taillights are undoubtedly superior to others.
A lot of tail lights have a combination reflector, IMHO most should have a reflector or only be used as a secondary. FWIW the two lights I pictured above meet the fairly stringent standards for use on German, Dutch and Danish roadways/cyclepaths. And yes they will ticket you for not having one or an inoperative one. Something that probably should be done with more regularity in the US. The laws are on the book and need to be enforced.

Aaron
__________________
Webshots is bailing out, if you find any of my posts with corrupt picture files and want to see them corrected please let me know. :(

ISO: A late 1980's Giant Iguana MTB frameset (or complete bike) 23" Red with yellow graphics.

"Cycling should be a way of life, not a hobby.
RIDE, YOU FOOL, RIDE!"
_Nicodemus

"Steel: nearly a thousand years of metallurgical development
Aluminum: barely a hundred
Which one would you rather have under your butt at 30mph?"
_krazygluon
wahoonc is offline  
Old 01-24-10, 05:07 PM
  #118  
Senior Member
 
Join Date: Jul 2008
Location: by the football hall of fame
Posts: 850
Mentioned: 0 Post(s)
Tagged: 0 Thread(s)
Quoted: 0 Post(s)
Likes: 0
Liked 2 Times in 2 Posts
Aren't tail lights required on other vehicles? They even have them on Amish buggies.
Mr Danw is offline  
Old 01-24-10, 07:29 PM
  #119  
Senior Member
 
Wogster's Avatar
 
Join Date: Jul 2006
Location: Toronto (again) Ontario, Canada
Posts: 6,931

Bikes: Old Bike: 1975 Raleigh Delta, New Bike: 2004 Norco Bushpilot

Mentioned: 0 Post(s)
Tagged: 0 Thread(s)
Quoted: 4 Post(s)
Likes: 0
Liked 5 Times in 5 Posts
Originally Posted by wahoonc
No need to reinvent the wheel...so to speak.

Aaron



The reason for a certification, is to make it easier to buy a decent tail light, and easier for states/provinces to word laws requiring them. For example a state requirement for a tail light that meets federal certification, is easier then expecting one to know whether a specific unit is visible a certain distance back. It also makes buying one easier, in that you just look for models that meet that same certification.
Wogster is offline  
Old 01-24-10, 08:01 PM
  #120  
Membership Not Required
 
wahoonc's Avatar
 
Join Date: Jan 2005
Location: On the road-USA
Posts: 16,855

Bikes: Giant Excursion, Raleigh Sports, Raleigh R.S.W. Compact, Motobecane? and about 20 more! OMG

Mentioned: 5 Post(s)
Tagged: 0 Thread(s)
Quoted: 70 Post(s)
Likes: 0
Liked 15 Times in 14 Posts
Originally Posted by Wogsterca
The reason for a certification, is to make it easier to buy a decent tail light, and easier for states/provinces to word laws requiring them. For example a state requirement for a tail light that meets federal certification, is easier then expecting one to know whether a specific unit is visible a certain distance back. It also makes buying one easier, in that you just look for models that meet that same certification.
I agree, but rather than trying to come up with a completely new set of regulations (I know the government needs to justify it's existence) they could just adopt the standards from a country that has them already worked out. Like Germany... Unfortunately the only current standard in the US for rear reflectors for bicycles is the CSPC standards and they leave a lot to be desired. We need to go global with ISO standards. I have long used DOT reflective tape as an adjunct to the stock CSPC reflectors, there are several states that the law states that the if the bike is ridden at night it must have the reflectors required by federal law (ie;CSPC standards), if you replace them with something better you are in violation of their laws. In the US many laws are left up to the individual states, this is a case where a universal federal standard "might" be a better idea. All of my bikes exceed the minimum standards for any state I have ridden in. At minimum I run a front generator light with stand light, a rear light with stand light and a Planet Bike Super Flash. I also have reflective components on my clothing and gear. Unfortunately the minimum requirements are not enforced for all bike riders, it is also unfortunate because the rider is the one that is most likely to come out on the losing end when they are involved in an accident.

Aaron
__________________
Webshots is bailing out, if you find any of my posts with corrupt picture files and want to see them corrected please let me know. :(

ISO: A late 1980's Giant Iguana MTB frameset (or complete bike) 23" Red with yellow graphics.

"Cycling should be a way of life, not a hobby.
RIDE, YOU FOOL, RIDE!"
_Nicodemus

"Steel: nearly a thousand years of metallurgical development
Aluminum: barely a hundred
Which one would you rather have under your butt at 30mph?"
_krazygluon
wahoonc is offline  
Old 01-24-10, 08:10 PM
  #121  
Senior Member
 
Digital_Cowboy's Avatar
 
Join Date: May 2009
Location: Tampa/St. Pete, Florida
Posts: 9,352

Bikes: Specialized Hardrock Mountain (Stolen); Giant Seek 2 (Stolen); Diamondback Ascent mid 1980 - 1997

Mentioned: 4 Post(s)
Tagged: 0 Thread(s)
Quoted: 62 Post(s)
Likes: 0
Liked 3 Times in 3 Posts
Originally Posted by Wogsterca
The standard reflectors are fine, if the motor vehicle is at the correct angle from the bicycle, like some of the older LCD monitors, it's directly behind or within a few degrees. Given this, taillights should be required, but there should also be a federal standard for bicycle taillights, like there is for automotive taillights, effectively the taillight would act like a reflector when not lit.
Not just the taillights but the headlights as well. There should be standards for both sets of lights. Serfas has or had a taillight that has a reflector built into the lens that's what I use.
Digital_Cowboy is offline  
Old 01-24-10, 10:12 PM
  #122  
Banned
 
Bikepacker67's Avatar
 
Join Date: Jul 2005
Location: Ogopogo's shoreline
Posts: 4,082

Bikes: LHT, Kona Smoke

Mentioned: 0 Post(s)
Tagged: 0 Thread(s)
Quoted: 0 Post(s)
Likes: 0
Liked 3 Times in 3 Posts
I'm torn.

Being in Canada, and carfree, I'm inevitably riding in the dark for half of the year.
And I wouldn't be caught dead (or rather I'm afraid I would) without my headlight, blinkies and ANSI vest.

But do I want to legislate that? I dunno... maybe I do.

I certainly have come upon some wrongway ninja idjits that I've had to quickly navigate around.
And if we're TRULY traffic (which I adamantly believe), don't we have some responsibilities?
Bikepacker67 is offline  
Old 01-24-10, 10:21 PM
  #123  
Banned
 
Bikepacker67's Avatar
 
Join Date: Jul 2005
Location: Ogopogo's shoreline
Posts: 4,082

Bikes: LHT, Kona Smoke

Mentioned: 0 Post(s)
Tagged: 0 Thread(s)
Quoted: 0 Post(s)
Likes: 0
Liked 3 Times in 3 Posts
Originally Posted by I-Like-To-Bike
Why not; as well as mandatory tire studs for slippery conditions.
There's a big fine here in Canuckistan, if they catch you going over the mountain passes without the proper tires.

Something about being unprepared on the road and putting others (and yourself) at risk.

Can you believe it? Silly Canadians.
/snark
Bikepacker67 is offline  
Old 01-24-10, 10:31 PM
  #124  
Senior Member
 
Wogster's Avatar
 
Join Date: Jul 2006
Location: Toronto (again) Ontario, Canada
Posts: 6,931

Bikes: Old Bike: 1975 Raleigh Delta, New Bike: 2004 Norco Bushpilot

Mentioned: 0 Post(s)
Tagged: 0 Thread(s)
Quoted: 4 Post(s)
Likes: 0
Liked 5 Times in 5 Posts
Originally Posted by wahoonc
I agree, but rather than trying to come up with a completely new set of regulations (I know the government needs to justify it's existence) they could just adopt the standards from a country that has them already worked out. Like Germany... Unfortunately the only current standard in the US for rear reflectors for bicycles is the CSPC standards and they leave a lot to be desired. We need to go global with ISO standards. I have long used DOT reflective tape as an adjunct to the stock CSPC reflectors, there are several states that the law states that the if the bike is ridden at night it must have the reflectors required by federal law (ie;CSPC standards), if you replace them with something better you are in violation of their laws. In the US many laws are left up to the individual states, this is a case where a universal federal standard "might" be a better idea. All of my bikes exceed the minimum standards for any state I have ridden in. At minimum I run a front generator light with stand light, a rear light with stand light and a Planet Bike Super Flash. I also have reflective components on my clothing and gear. Unfortunately the minimum requirements are not enforced for all bike riders, it is also unfortunate because the rider is the one that is most likely to come out on the losing end when they are involved in an accident.

Aaron
I think one could find such standards all over Europe. I think the reason there are no such standards in North America, is that the bicycle is often thought of as a toy, and that is why the Consumer Product Safety Commission set the reflector standards instead of the Federal Department of Transport in the US or Transport Canada up here. Bicycle standards set at a federal level would include all safety equipment in a Bicycle Safety Act (similar to the Motor Vehicle Safety Act in Canada). This would include not only tail lights, but head lights, bells, horns, gongs, brakes, helmets, tires and reflectors. Provincial and state laws would be simpler in that they would just state that road bicycles and equipment must meet the BSA standards. Products that do not, would simply go off the market, good riddance to them. it also means that 2 bills would need to be put forth in respective legislatures, to change a standard instead of 63.
Wogster is offline  
Old 01-25-10, 07:17 AM
  #125  
Senior Member
 
dougmc's Avatar
 
Join Date: Jul 2008
Location: Austin, TX
Posts: 3,040

Bikes: Bacchetta Giro, Strada

Mentioned: 1 Post(s)
Tagged: 0 Thread(s)
Quoted: 6 Post(s)
Likes: 0
Liked 1 Time in 1 Post
Originally Posted by I-Like-To-Bike
I've heard that urban legend before, can you validate it by pointing to a single case where lack of a reflector "was held" against a well lit cyclist?
This isn't exactly what you're asking about, but it's pretty close ...

https://www.atxbs.com/?q=node/1095

Basically, the cop ran into Adam and messed up his rear wheel. Totally their fault (and stupid, because it was fairly well lit and he was only one of like 200 cyclists), and they admitted it. However, the city attorney decided that they would not be paying for the damages because while Adam had both headlight and taillight on his person, the law says the bike must be so equipped, and he was violating the (letter of the) law, and therefore they would not pay.

Ultimately, Adam appealed this ruling and won -- they paid for his damages. But my point is, they will attempt to use ANY little violation of the law, even if you're doing way better than what the law requires, to avoid paying a claim or taking responsibility. Texas law requires a rear flasher OR a reflector, and so he was good with a flasher, but rest assured, had the law required a reflector, they'd have used that as yet another reason to deny his claim.
dougmc is offline  

Thread Tools
Search this Thread

Contact Us - Archive - Advertising - Cookie Policy - Privacy Statement - Terms of Service -

Copyright © 2024 MH Sub I, LLC dba Internet Brands. All rights reserved. Use of this site indicates your consent to the Terms of Use.