SRAM part numbering system
 

Noticed with the few SRAM bits I've played with, that they have a three digit numbering system that corresponds to the number of gears it's intended for, plus an indicator of the quality of the item. Is that an indication of what groupset it's associated with, or is it fuzzier than that?

Yes. Pretty much.

First number is gears, second number is level.

For road, 30 is Apex, 50 is Rival, 70 is Force and 90 is Red. So, 930 would be nine-speed Apex, whereas 1170 would be 11-speed Force. Sometimes you'll see something like 1191, that is usually an updated version of the original.