Interesting Look at Rolling Resistance
#51
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All I know for sure is when I swapped out the 700x28 Conti Gator Hardshells for 700x28 Michelin PRO4 Endurance, I got over 1mph faster overall-- and that was over thousands of recorded miles. And the PRO4 isn't even a super-fast rolling tire. The Hardshell just might as well be a LEGO® brick.
#52
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Exactly
Strava makes it convenient to compare tires.
By comparing segment times on otherwise similar rides, it's quite clear I lost quite a lot of speed when I swapped from GP 4000S II (28mm) to GP 4-season (32mm) tires back in December. I'm slower everywhere, and I can easily feel the difference too. The swap was largely motivated by a particularly inconvenient flat, and because with winter I was riding in darkness and inclement weather more. I haven't had any flats since, but with longer days and fair weather back I'm delighted to ditch the "4-season" tires. (They're not even much different from the Gatorskins on my commuter.) Aerodynamics and weight could be factors, though Strava segment times and feel seem to match wattage numbers on bicyclerollingresistance.com.
By comparing segment times on otherwise similar rides, it's quite clear I lost quite a lot of speed when I swapped from GP 4000S II (28mm) to GP 4-season (32mm) tires back in December. I'm slower everywhere, and I can easily feel the difference too. The swap was largely motivated by a particularly inconvenient flat, and because with winter I was riding in darkness and inclement weather more. I haven't had any flats since, but with longer days and fair weather back I'm delighted to ditch the "4-season" tires. (They're not even much different from the Gatorskins on my commuter.) Aerodynamics and weight could be factors, though Strava segment times and feel seem to match wattage numbers on bicyclerollingresistance.com.
#53
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Unless we're careful with language, statement like this (which is qualitatively correct),
lead to ones like this,
Which are incorrect.
Theoretically mass does matter even on flat ground. Mass appears in the rolling resistance force term, https://www.recumbents.com/wisil/Mart...%20cycling.pdf Eq. (5). The fact that mass appears in the rolling resistance force just as it does in the gravitational force is what allows us to convert Crr to slope. (I should have given credit to Robert earlier for pointing this out.)
lead to ones like this,
Which are incorrect.
Theoretically mass does matter even on flat ground. Mass appears in the rolling resistance force term, https://www.recumbents.com/wisil/Mart...%20cycling.pdf Eq. (5). The fact that mass appears in the rolling resistance force just as it does in the gravitational force is what allows us to convert Crr to slope. (I should have given credit to Robert earlier for pointing this out.)
An asymtote suggests infinite equivalent mass as the slope approaches 0.
#54
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Later today I'll ride a familiar 5 mile loop that's an elongated oval running north/south with only 100 yards or so running east/west.
With today's 15-20 mile wind from the south my tailwind advantage on one side will be negated by the headwind on the other.
Accuracy of the online calculators depends on putting out the same effort on the tailwind side, not slacking off and coasting or piddle pedaling.
Unless I have an exceptional day, I'll average 16 mph and 160 Watts, with a few short bursts of power on the short steep climbs. Pretty much the same on my old steel bike and carbon frame bike.
#55
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Except it doesn't. You spend more time in the headwind than the tailwind so for constant power, your overall time will be slower in the headwind/tailwind loop than the one with no wind at all.
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#56
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We know that additional bike weight doesn't matter when it's flat, so you can add a lot of extra weight to a bike on flat terrain without costing you much in power. We know that as the road gets steeper weight matters more so a smaller difference in weight penalizes you more. Meanwhile, differences in Crr apply whether you are on the flat or on a steep hill (or even while descending). We know how to convert a difference in Crr to an "equivalent" penalty in mass.
Here's a comparison of the old Conti 4000S II and the new Conti 5000 in terms of "equivalent mass penalty." Both are good tires with low Crr: .0039 for the 4000S and .0032 for the 5000 -- neither are anywhere near a Gatorskin. Even at a steep 10% slope, that small difference in Crr is equivalent to more than 500g in additional bike mass. If you care about weight you should care even more about Crr. Weight weenies should be rolling resistance weenies.
Here's a comparison of the old Conti 4000S II and the new Conti 5000 in terms of "equivalent mass penalty." Both are good tires with low Crr: .0039 for the 4000S and .0032 for the 5000 -- neither are anywhere near a Gatorskin. Even at a steep 10% slope, that small difference in Crr is equivalent to more than 500g in additional bike mass. If you care about weight you should care even more about Crr. Weight weenies should be rolling resistance weenies.
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https://www.sheldonbrown.com/brandt/wind.html
Side note: I wholly recommend reading the entirety of the Jobst Brandt Archive at https://yarchive.net/bike/ it's really a phenomenal archive and there are tons of things that are still being argued today.
#58
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That's not how it works. You always get less from the tailwind than you give up for the headwind - theoretically your oval course could be such that the headwind side is mathematically short enough to be offset by the tailwind side but your description already rules that out - as well it would only apply at specific headwind and tailwind speeds. This graph and the accompanying linked article and equation therein illustrate why:
https://www.sheldonbrown.com/brandt/wind.html
Side note: I wholly recommend reading the entirety of the Jobst Brandt Archive at https://yarchive.net/bike/ it's really a phenomenal archive and there are tons of things that are still being argued today.
https://www.sheldonbrown.com/brandt/wind.html
Side note: I wholly recommend reading the entirety of the Jobst Brandt Archive at https://yarchive.net/bike/ it's really a phenomenal archive and there are tons of things that are still being argued today.
#59
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#61
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Even in a straight out-and-back with a pure tailwind one way and a pure headwind the other, the cost of the headwind will tend to be larger than the benefit of the tailwind. The more crosswinds that get introduced into the route, the worse the situation gets.
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As noted - your scenario is no wind/tailwind - completely irrelevant given we are discussing headwind/tailwind and the possibility of one canceling out the other.
I think, perhaps, you may have thought too much.
#63
Non omnino gravis
But they roll like brick, they have sidewalls that are both thin and stiff all at once, the decorative thread on those sidewalls continually unravels, and they're absolutely terrifying on wet ground.
It's a lot of compromise.
#64
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That's not how it works. You always get less from the tailwind than you give up for the headwind - theoretically your oval course could be such that the headwind side is mathematically short enough to be offset by the tailwind side but your description already rules that out - as well it would only apply at specific headwind and tailwind speeds. This graph and the accompanying linked article and equation therein illustrate why:
https://www.sheldonbrown.com/brandt/wind.html
Side note: I wholly recommend reading the entirety of the Jobst Brandt Archive at https://yarchive.net/bike/ it's really a phenomenal archive and there are tons of things that are still being argued today.
https://www.sheldonbrown.com/brandt/wind.html
Side note: I wholly recommend reading the entirety of the Jobst Brandt Archive at https://yarchive.net/bike/ it's really a phenomenal archive and there are tons of things that are still being argued today.
My best guess, judging from terrain maps, is the rolling prairie terrain funnels wind differently throughout my usual loops and circuits. I seem to get the most tailwind boost on the longest incline. When the wind changes directions, that's also the segment that feels slowest. The flip side of the loop is more sheltered between terrain and tree cover, so any head/tail wind effect is erratic.
And the pavement and traffic hazards vary a bit throughout. On the elongated oval (it runs more N/NW to S/SE than straight up and down), the longest continuous incline of around 2% for a mile feels pretty fast to me in most conditions. But that's because the pavement is smoother, that side of the access road loop is less sheltered from wind in a couple of key places, and there are fewer merging highway traffic hot spots to watch for. The flip side feels slower because the wind seems to funnel more effectively right on the steepest climbs (terrain and tree cover), the pavement is slower (a mix of striated concrete, chipseal, rough seams between paved segments), and there's one high risk merge area from the nearby highways -- not much traffic there any time, but the mix design encourages drivers to go way too fast, whereas the other side of the loop has a traffic calming effect.
It would be interesting to borrow a power meter, or a bike with a power meter, to test my hunches about the terrain, wind, etc. I've just guesstimated based on power meter data from other riders my size, weight, age, etc. Strava and online calculators usually are pretty close to the measured data by folks with power meters. I'm just not motivated to buy such an expensive doodad ... yet. Not ruling it out though. I thought I'd never care about a carbon bike but now I have one -- an old Trek 5900, nothing fancy, but it works and it's fun on climbs.
Anyway, back to the thread topic, for my rides it still seems like aerodynamics are a bigger factor than tire rolling resistance. With physical therapy this year for a couple of wreck injuries (I've been hit by cars twice in 15 years), I'm regaining some flexibility, better able to stay in the drops or stay lower, longer. That, and not wearing flappy clothing, seems to matter more than my tires. That was one of those misconceptions I had for awhile, before checking my data over three years and realizing wind resistance mattered more than tire rolling resistance.
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#66
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- Riding uphill the gravitational force is proportional to your total weight. And sine of the angle of incline. That's the whole of it at low speeds. You can derive this from basic physical laws.
- Riding anywhere, rolling resistance is proportional to the load (weight) perpendicular to the surface (cosine of the angle of incline). Again, that's it for low speeds. This one is not really a "law of physics" since it derives from observation, and not from any base principles. Hence, "it varies".
His chart takes the above two statements and compares the forces, independently of speed or power.
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The Hardshell sacrifices everything for straight up durability. They last forever. I got 6,500 miles out of my front tire, and it still looked pretty good when it came off. Never got a single puncture.
But they roll like brick, they have sidewalls that are both thin and stiff all at once, the decorative thread on those sidewalls continually unravels, and they're absolutely terrifying on wet ground.
It's a lot of compromise.
But they roll like brick, they have sidewalls that are both thin and stiff all at once, the decorative thread on those sidewalls continually unravels, and they're absolutely terrifying on wet ground.
It's a lot of compromise.
Rears last near 2K mi
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