Arches hurt!
 

I tried moving the cleat around.
Can I get a new insole?
It's hard to convince the CEO of my home (my wife) to buy new things.
Right now I am using a mountain bike shoe (Cannondale)

Move the cleat further forward if you haven't already.

Or stick in insoles like Specialized's or Superfeet.

I've got massive arches, use Superfeet, and have the cleats all the way forward. For my right foot, I'd like the cleats slightly more forward, but they don't go any further.

when you say move the cleat forward do you mean away from the heel and towards the toe?
I just did the opposite.
seems to hurt in both locations.
I will check out the insoles.

a friend told me that arch pain comes from pushing down on the big toe too much. not sure if it's true or not. but he suggested to me to get or make an insole that rotates my foot away from being able to push on the big toe so much and push more on the middle toes.

Specialized makes an insole that tilts your feet out so you are pedaling more naturally. First, move your cleats all the way towards the toe and leave it there for about a week. If your arches keep hurting after riding half a dozen times, try some insoles. I had arch pain too. 9 time out of 10, this is caused because you cleats are too far back. the balls of you feet should be directly above the spindles of you pedals.

Towards the toe.