When I crossed the country in 2008 I met up with a couple who had maybe $100 worth of craigslist bikes and a handmade trailer. They had the same size smile I did. If I was really stuck for money I'd find a cheap used mountain bike with rigid fork and pull a trailer. I'd have the gearing I needed and something heavy duty. If I was really trying to do it cheap I'd purchase a trailer at the beginning of the trip and sell it when I got done....
Can't think of a much cheaper way to do it.
kyakdiver