Schrader chucks require that the tire's valve depress a pin in the chuck to get the air flowing. On Schrader valves that's no problem since the pin is close to flush with the top of the valve, and when ypou press on the chuck, both valves open.

With Presta valves and an O-ring adapter you need to duplicate a similar fit. Most adapters are a bit too long, so the valve stem doesn't reach, or with a fully deflated tube doesn't offer enough resistance. File the adapter close to flush with the valve stem, and open the nut only half way so the valve stem doesn't drop down so far and you'll be fine.