Midway between those two points on the bike-building spectrum were semi-factory methods such as brazing carousels. On the one hand, a guy who does nothing but headlugs all day gets pretty good fast. On the other hand, he also gets bored fast, so there's always some new guy stepping in just when the quality starts to improve. On top of that, the carousel is designed for speed because it's all about reducing labor costs, so if you sneeze or need to pee or cook a tube because you haven't quite gotten it down yet, the frame's on to the next guy, whether you did the job right or not. Of course, you hope quality control catches it, but if you're an Italian family operation trying to go from 200 to 2000 frames a year in a few years, there's a pretty steep learning curve, especially with the pressure to ship bikes. The Old Man may know how to build a great frame, but supervising a larger operation is a whole other kettle of fish. Not everyone is Ugo De Rosa, and even De Rosa made some dogs during periods of expansion and transition. Relatively few, perhaps, but some.