For the front the Magicshine lights are usually highly recommended. I have two P7's from Dealextreme that work for me. A helmet light can also be used.

For the rear, most like the PB Superflash although the Radbot 1000 is starting to look very interesting. And don't worry soon someone will chime in about the Dinotte.

The other factor will be passive visibility. You can get reflective tape for your bike, rack, or wheels. You can also use reflectors on your rack or seatpost. Others like using reflective vest.

As for riding at night I would stay in the bike lane if you are able to. I would also ride the route during the day so you are aware of the road conditions. Also look for alternate routes just in case.

For safety or personal concerns know the area you will be riding through. Try to blend in if you feel it is a rough area, or be prepared to Salmon it (riding against traffic or on a sidewalk, basically opposite where the trouble may be) or Ninja it (riding without lights or reflective clothing and so on). It doesn't have to be for the whole commute, just the part you feel might be dangerous. You might also want to consider a cheap (or cheaper looking bike). Something like a Frankenbike (odd and end parts that are functional, no discernible make or model stickers on the bike, littered with tape and/or bumper stickers, scratched and scuffed, etc.) might also help.

Basically your goal is to get safely to and from your destination. How you do that is really up to you. I used to work overnights so there are times when I employed some of my suggestions. Also have a good place to lock your bike (with a good lock), good tires like caloso suggested, and know how to repair your ride just in case.

Riding at night is not as bad as it may seem. However I feel drivers think they have a certain anonymity which can lead to problems. If aggressive driving does occur get their tag number and call the police. Don't engage them in a confrontation.