I have a small closet in our shop under the stairwell that I use for my bike stuff. Of course, I had to name it since everyone was telling me I had my own bike shop going on.
For smaller parts I use small plastic storage boxes that can be stacked. For the larger things - brakes, cranks, pedals I use an old dresser that came out of my daughter's room when she got a new one.
For wheels, I also use the "pole" option overhead.
I no longer really have a space of my own in the house - which is fine. I'll take the 38X50' shop anyday - even if I have to share it with my contractor brother-in-law.