Based on some computrainer sessions I can say that I pull up a little bit when sitting. I can't speak for standing because the computrainer doesn't allow me to rock the bike properly.

I pull up more when standing, for short periods, if I'm powering over a short hill (100-400 meters or so).

For longer hills (8 miles) I stand to stretch and such, and I don't exert much/any pulling up motion. A little, I think, but not much.

Not consciously but my foot is almost vertical at the top of the pedal stroke. I pull forward over the top of the stroke, starting at maybe 11 PM (if looking at the right side). I realized this (again) looking at a picture of me in a race this year. I checked while on the trainer. I do this standing as well (based on an old, old picture). It seems that many people do this, not just me because you'll see a lot of vertical feet at the top of the pedal stroke.


Circa 1987?


2010. I lost.


2010. I lost.

cdr

*edit* that picture is huge. how do I shrink it?