There has been issues with exposure to sunlight with CF materials...but those problems were mostly with larger flat panels of CF, bicycle tubing is round thus only has a small portion of the frame is ever exposed to direct sunlight...but (another but), most (if not all) CF bicycle frame companies today either paint or use a clear coat with UV protection; so sunlight should not be any more of a problem then rust is to steel-virtually nil.
However, CF does have a problem if somebody over torques a fastner can damage the frame or handlebar the fastner was to be attached to. There are handlebar on the market made of CF that forbid the use of aerobars, there has been many cases of someone over tightening brake levers and damaging bars, there has been many instances where some one over tightened the water bottle bolts and damaged the frame. This has been and still is a real problem with CF.
Your lighter weight CF frames do have a rider weight limit of usually 165 pounds...but so do your lightest AL and steel frames!
Another problem with CF is if you (actually the bike) suck a chain between the last gear and the chainstay the chain can put a nice hole in that stay where steel and TI would just lose some paint...however ultralight AL frames have done the same thing. BUT the better companies are reinforcing that part of the stay to limit the damage.
So the two biggest problems with CF is over tightening fastners and chainsuck, with fastners use a torque wrench as PhantomCow mentioned (but you need to know the amount of torque to use), and use a Lizard Skin wrap that covers the chain stay for added protection.