40*F is the top end of where I use full finger gloves. I have to use quite thin gloves or my hands just sweat like crazy. I use generally $5 fleece gloves from Kohls when it's between 35 and 45. About 35 I switch to windproofs from Kohls, about $10. I switch to windproofs with more insulation, also about $10 or so from Kohls, at probably 20*F down to 0 or so, then switch to hunting gloves ($7 at a department store around hunting season - they're windproof, water resistant, blaze orange and warm as hell. They're basically cheap ski gloves. I've used those down to -25*F.
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Work: the 8 hours that separates bike rides.