Were any of the original parts actually hardened in the first place? Most stamped steel type bearing cups are just that, stamped steel. The cones are probably harder than plain steel but rarely do I find such components truly hardened steel. If those were mine, I'd probably clean the inner races as best as possible, even wet sanding will do wonders for them. Nothing short of spray welding and grinding will make them new again. The races can be turned on a lathe or with a drill and filled or sanded. Replace the balls, regrease and see what you have then.
If that doesn't provide satisfactory results, then go to a place that stocks small bearings, find a pair of sealed bearings that fit ID and OD dimensions, press them in, then modify the old cones to retain the bearings or come up with some spacers to take up any end play. Other than that, their toast.
I would venture to guess that some new balls and some well dressed cones would give good service again. Chances are the old damage came from being dry or wet and rust formed. Pitting in the races isn't good but were talking about pedals here, not wheel bearings on a high speed vehicle. These are low RPM fairly light load bearings.