The date codes will typically be on the back side of the components. You can decode them here:
http://www.vintage-trek.com/component_dates.htm
As for the assembly date being before the build date. I think at some point the Asian manufacturer (Panasonic?) was putting the "model" year in the serial number. A June of 1986 frame built for the 1987 model year would be 7Fxxxxx.
Bob