It will vary a bit depending upon the dealer volume, order size, and brand, but a $1200 bike will likely cost the dealer about $850 BEFORE shipping (free-$150), assembly ($50 minimum, $150+ properly), and overhead costs. Most dealers make very little (if anything) on bikes under $1000-1200. The $$ is in repairs and accessories. As far as the distributor, the breakdown traditionally (a long time ago when I was in the business) was Frame/Wheels/Components/Assembly-shipping at 25% each. Different brands had different split targets, and location of frame type construction/assembly can skew this heavily. Tehre is also usually some sort of short term financing back-and-forth between the distributor and the dealers which someone needs toaccount for, but this, like shipping, is brand/volume specific.

While I agree that good factory-spec touring bikes are few and far between (Surly, Gunnar have been mentioned here), I would also say that the touring market is relatively small portion and touring riders are some of the most catty of all riders. This is justifiable as touring riders probably are at the upper end of the annual mileage scales for all riders. I know that I would not want to tour days-on-end on the bike you describe, but that is just me. Some people camp, others use hotels. SOme ride for months, others just a weekend. Some commute every day in all sorts of weather. Surly and until recently, Novara, at least provide a decent mid-level bike which sort of covers all of the bases. However, if you are serious about mileage, I recommend starting with a frame (Surly, Gunnar, Bob Jackson, Koga, whatever), and building it up the way YOU want if for what YOU want to do. It will cost a bit more, but that is the best way to do it.