For on bike I usually take two pair of shorts, one pair of tights (the type that goes over shorts) (depending on weather), one long sleeve jersey, three short sleeve jerseys. I'd take 2 jerseys but I like all 3 as they show my home city and nearby city. I have been stopped as far away as Italy by people that either lived there or knew the city.
Off bike depending on how I feel, I might take one or two pants and shirts.
I spot clean my off bike clothes at hotel or campsite and do a proper cleaning and drying at a laundromat. I take a pair of shorts and t-shirt to sleep in and change into that when washing clothes.
On bike clothes I rinse out as soon as I get the the room or campsite. I wring them out as much as possible and allow them to hang dry. In a hotel, after a shower I roll my clothes in the towel. You can always use the hair dryer too.
Next day if clothes are still damp I but them under straps on my pannier. Straps can be feed through the holes in the leggings or arm holes to be sure they don't slip out.
Off bike pants, I use those zip off pants so I can have shorts and long pants.
I'll take a sweatshirt if needed and reluctantly use it for both on and off bike.