It doesn't seem like OP is asking for strength training to improve his cycling, but to make sure he won't hurt himself through uneven muscle developments. I personally had such a situation happen to me - I was a competitive swimmer, which strengthens the muscles in the shoulder rotator cuff that rotate inwards (for the pulling through the water motion) but did nothing for the muscles that controlled outwards movement (think a tennis player's backhand). Over time, this caused caused impingement and tendonitus (eventually a tear) in my shoulder (which is no fun).

As for OP's question, I'm too much of a cycling noob to answer.