The best carb to carry is couscous. It uses less fuel than any other. If you want pasta, use the thinner varieties that cook more rapidly.
Packets of noodles are quick and convenient, specially for roadside midday meals.
Chorizo sausage keeps well and is a source of fat as well as protein.
Pesto sauce is another traditional standby for cycle tourists.

On a nomadic tour you have to buy (or catch/pick) whatever is available along the way.
Gathering/catching your own food can be fun. You need to be sure of ID for fungi and ask the locals for what is good/accessible/in season. On my coast we dont have the rocky pools for muscles and limpets but we do have mud for razor shell and some nice coastal plants.

You can get(make) small wood stoves which make efficient use of small dry twigs, which are easier to find dry than bigger branches.