A frame pump is a final resort that you really only want to use out on the road or trail. Invest in a decent but not mega cost floor pump for at home since bike tires need regular inflating. It just makes the job a whole lot easier.

If you want to turn your front around go ahead. The bearings will be fine. They aren't complex devices with one way clutches or anything like that. Similarly the spokes on the front wheel are, or should be, a symetrical pattern. If the spokes are tensioned correctly there won't be any issue there either.

With road tires you won't notice anything though. The "tread" on such tires is so lightly molded in that it's really a non tread that serves little or no purpose. On mountain bikes with directional blocks to dig into the soft loamy dirt this is another story. But it doesn't sound like that's what you're riding.