1. Giro pneumo.
2. Around $100 US.
3. When the pads are all destroyed it becomes my winter/light mounted helmet and I buy a new one.

I only want one helmet for riding, so I go with the more expensive helmets that are lighter with more vents so it works for road riding and commuting, but I typically get the mtn bike versions so they have a visor which keeps the rain off my glasses.