The Vermonter train still runs. Its an Amtrak train, and I highly doubt that Vermont pays for the train. Vermont did fund a train that ran from Charlotte to Burlington for a couple of years, but that was 10 years ago.
Why not just ship your bike via FedEx/UPS to a bike shop in Burlington (I'd recommend Old Spokes Home), then take the train to Vermont. Then you could ride up to the Route Verte in Quebec in a day. There are numerous connections between the Route Verte & Vermont. Check out the
site:
www.champlainbikeways.org