FOr me, cleaning the helmet pads isn't enough - the strap also begins to stink. I tried washing in mild detergent and sun-drying, but that didn't really do the trick. Now I submerge the helmet in a large bowl (weighted down to keep it from floating) and fill the bowl with a dilute bleach solution, followed by sun-drying. THAT does the trick.

Gloves just go in the washing machine, as others have said, and then in the drier. Only trouble is that the velcro inevitably attaches itself to some other article of clothing. A couple of weeks ago I showed up at a ride and somebody said, "hey, there's a glove hanging off the back of your jersey!"