I think just the opposite, yes u can put the front road wheel in there w/o any problem, the bike will handle the same tho, doubt you will notice something else but maybe some stiffness but besides that nothing else.
If the BB axle is long enough u could put a road crankset in there, the bike u have in there is practically a road bike with track drop outs, so u could get away mixing stuff in there. It was a real racing track bike i would not even try to add road stuff in there but in yours probably it will work just fine maybe with minimal or maybe with zero adjustments. Performance wise? maybe none.
Good luck.