THe axel to crown (bottom of headset race) measurement for the fork is probably quite long, a short headtube was probably thus necessary to allow for the long fork while keeping the top tube level. Putting a more conventional deminsioned fork onto this bike would probably steepen the heatube & seattube angles a bit and slope the top tube forward slighlty.
I would guess that the long fork/short headtube would not have much impact on the bike handling. The relativly short seattube allows for lower stem/handlebar placement. Might be OK for somewhat wanting a super low racer position but riding in the drops will be a bit more difficult for someone used to a more upright position.

Interesting that the tube decal shows that this neuron tubeset was made with the older CrMo Cylex steel (same steel formulation as used in SL/SP,SLX/SPX/TSX and MAX tubesets). Most of the references I found to Neuron tubing show it was more typically made from stronger nivacrom steel.