I've found this illustration from 1891 in an anthology of the first 25 years of the A.N.W.B. -- The Dutch cyclist union that would become the biggest auto lobby group around. Eventually.
In
a book I read earlier this year, about Major Taylor, his European tours, and the first years of the Tour de France, it was said that Taylor claimed to be the inventor of the now so common race position. The author found that claim dubious, because there had been predecessors.