Oddly, changing a hub and reusing the rim and spokes is more likely to work than any other substitution. Except for a few specialty hubs (track, high flange, etc.) most standard road hubs have very similar flange diameters and spoke hole circle diameters.

I once replaced a late '80's 6/7-speed Maillard freewheel hub with an 8/9-speed Shimano Acera freehub using the same rim and spokes to get a compatible wheel for use on my indoor trainer bike. The hub swap was a drop-in fit and the old spokes were the perfect length.

Assuming your rim and spokes are low-kilometerage (is that a word?) and haven't been abused or badly abraded, the hub change should be both feasible and a good idea.