Something is bent or broken, probably the mech hanger, although with no photo of this area, this can not be confirmed.

If it is the mech hanger, if you don't have a tool like a Park DAG-2 you may struggle to get the correct alignment for the hanger.

The derailluer may have also been broken by the spoke interaction, and that chain could do with some lube, are there any stiff links in it which caused this?

You will get more answers posting this sort of question in the Bicycle Mechanics forum, rather than the Road Cycling one.