That's a more compilcated question than you might think.

You can put a mountain bike handlebar on any frame. It may require a change of stem also (though not the fork). The potential problem is with geometry. A hybrid frame will typically have a similar top tube length to a road bike, but will be built so the bar is higher, for a more upright comfortable position. If you just put a MTB bar on a road bike, you may find it is lower than you would like and feels awkward to ride. To some extent that can be fixed with the stem, but there are limitation.