bike specs: early to mid 80s maruishi 202 road ace with stoke components (sorry, cannot remember the brands but they were not cheapo huffy stuff)

i did some googling and some searching here on the forum because i had a weird incident happen while on my first ride with my road bike. i had a "blow out" on the highway yesterday topped out at speed. the weird thing is that it didn't "blow out" but more "wooosh" out. it made a very loud wooossshhhhhh and took about 40 seconds to airdown. it was extremely odd.

anyways, i came home from work today and went out to the garage and took a picture of my tire size because i had never heard of it or even knew where to look but it says 32-630 (27x1 1/4). anyways, i put some of that green slime stuff in because i wanted to see where i have a leak and see how i had such an odd sounding leak because i had never heard such a weird leak. i filled the inner tube and picked up the back end of hte bike a bit and spun the wheel looking for green junk coming out but i could find nothing. the tire was staying solid and not leaking. i set the back down and started adding a bit of air to the front as it felt kind of soft and suddenly the rear tire exploded and covered me and my two bikes with green slime.

i cannot believe this sucker just blew up next to me and i am covered with crap.

i check out the back again and the tire has come off the rim and the inner tube must've blown out at that point, i don;t know. all i do know is there was green slime coming out from under the tire along a section about 6" long on one side of the tire/rim and everything on the drive side of the bike was slimed. oddly, i was not on the drive side but i was slimed too. i took everything out of the garage that got slimed and wash it all off in front of the garage and rinse the floor too.

i went to the store and found two tube sizes that seem like they are the same, 700xsomething and the one is on the side of the tire. so i grab the one thats on the tire but am wondering can i use that other size tube if this odd size ever become hard to find. my googling says no, they are not interchangeable so i am worried that i might be stuck some day.

can i use a non slick tire also? like is it ok to put a tire that has a little grip on it on the rim? these tires are like racing slicks and i feel like if i run over a small sharp rock i am going to blow out my tire. i ride on the causeway to padre island and going out (into the 30 mph wind) there is a lot of debris on the side of the road. coming back can only be done by riding in the break down lane on the highway. the lane is 15 feet wide and i have never once worried about being clipped by anyone because i have plenty of room and ride by the wall but the whole break down lane is full of debris also, pieces of glass, etc. it makes me really anxious to be doing my rides and seeing those little things and i am subconsciously trying to avoid every little thing on the road because i have to force myself to ride straight. i feel like a smooth treaded tire will have a bit more protection then that smooth high speed tire. my other bike is a specialized expedition sport and has oddly treaded tires that are not knobby like a mountain bike but still have ridges and stuff to give you a bit of protection.

give me your thoughts on the tires and everything. i really like the road bike and want to run that instead of the hybrid on the super long rides but i don't want to keep having tube issues either as that will definitely ruin the fun of riding.