Yesterday I saw someone using a side projecting flag -- safety orange and I assume attached to extend to the left from the rear rack or panniers. He was climbing a slope into the sun, on a good shoulder but not a bike path. And the flag was all I saw! The bike and rider were washed out in the light but the backlighted flag was amazingly bright. Very effective there.
I know you wouldn't want to use one everywhere or all the time, but in that circumstance I don't think anything else would have made that bike visible.