Originally Posted by
I-Like-To-Bike
You're so funny ILTB!
Originally Posted by
Angio Graham
$2,000 extortion for doing something that hasnt even been proven to be dangerous ?
Da police state salutes you comrade !!
You're so misinformed, comrade! Let me know if you need any extra reading material! I have bucketloads more!
In 2003, cell phone use while driving was estimated to cause 333 000 total injuries, 12 000 seri- ous to critical injuries, and 2600 fatalities annually.
and
Compared with drivers not using cell phones while driving, the likelihood of a safety-critical event is 6 times higher for drivers dialing a cell phone and 23 times higher for those texting.
Coben, J. H., & Zhu, M. (January 01, 2013). Keeping an eye on distracted driving. Jama : the Journal of the American Medical Association, 309, 9, 877-8.
Just talking on a cell phone while driving constitutes a dual-task that compromises a driver’s ability to maneuver the car safely, pre- sumably due to reduced attention to information on the roadway (Atchley and Dressel, 2004; Brown et al., 1969; Strayer and Drews, 2007; Strayer et al., 2003). Text messaging and driving is even worse as drivers now face a dual task that often requires them to take their eyes off the road for four times as long, leading to problems such as incorrect lane changes (Hosking et al., 2007). It decreases braking speed (Drews et al., 2009) increases speed variability, lateral speed, and lane position variability, all of which suggest a decrease in the ability to control the vehicle (Crisler et al., 2008). The dangers are especially evident for younger drivers who are unlikely to suspend a text messaging task when faced with a difficult driving situation (Lee et al., 2008). It has been estimated that texting while driv- ing contributes to 1.6 million crashes annually (National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, 2008) and is over 20 times as dan- gerous as driving while not texting (Virginia Tech Transportation Institute, 2009).
Atchley, P., Atwood, S., & Boulton, A. (January 01, 2011). The choice to text and drive in younger drivers: Behavior may shape attitude. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 43, 1, 134-142.
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Atchley, P., Dressel, J., 2004. Conversation limits the functional field of view. Human Factors 46 (4), 664.
Brown, I., Tickner, A., Simmonds, D., 1969. Interference between concurrent tasks of driving and telephoning. Journal of Applied Psychology 53 (5), 419– 424.
Strayer, D., Drews, F., 2007. Cell-phone induced driver distraction. Current Directions in Psychological Science 16 (3), 128.
Strayer, D., Drews, F., Johnston, W., 2003. Cell phone-induced failures of visual atten- tion during simulated driving. Journal of Experimental Psychology Applied 9 (1), 23–32.
Hosking, S., Young, K., Regan, M., 2007. The effects of text messaging on young novice driver performance. In: Faulks, I.J., Regan, M., Stevenson, M., Brown, J., Porter, A., Irwin, J.D. (Eds.), Distracted driving. Australasian College of Road Safety, Sydney, NSW, pp. 155–187.
Drews, F., Yazdani, H., Godfrey, C., Cooper, J., Strayer, D., City, S., 2009. Text messaging during simulated driving. Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 51 (5), 762–770.
Crisler, M., Brooks, J., Ogle, J., Guirl, C., Alluri, P., Dixon, K., 2008. Effect of wireless communication and entertainment devices on simulated driving performance. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2069 (1), 48–54.
Lee, S., Klauer, S., Olsen, E., Simons-Morton, B., Dingus, T., Ramsey, D., et al., 2008. Detection of road hazards by novice teen and experienced adult drivers. Trans- portation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2078 (1), 26–32.
National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, 2008. National Motor Vehicle Crash Causation Survey (DOT HS 811 059). Retrieved December 12, 2009, from
http://www-nrd.nhtsa.dot.gov/Pubs/811059.PDF.
National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, 2008. National Motor Vehicle Crash Causation Survey (DOT HS 811 059). Retrieved December 12, 2009, from
http://www-nrd.nhtsa.dot.gov/Pubs/811059.PDF.
Drivers using cell phones process less visual information in the driving scene (Strayer and Drews, 2004), stop incompletely at stop signs (Strayer and Drews, 2007), and have delayed breaking responses (Watson and Strayer, 2010) and more rear-end collisions (Strayer and Drews, 2007).
Thompson, K. R., Johnson, A. M., Emerson, J. L., Dawson, J. D., Boer, E. R., & Rizzo, M. (March 01, 2012). Distracted driving in elderly and middle-aged drivers. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 45, 711-717.
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Strayer, D.L., Drews, F.A., 2004. Profiles in driver distraction: effects of cell phone conversations on younger and older drivers. Hum. Factors 46 (4), 640–649.
Strayer, D.L., Drews, F.A., 2007. Multitasking in the automobile. In: Kramer, A.F., Wiergamann, D.A., Kirlik, A. (Eds.), Attention: From Theory to Practice. Oxford University Press, New York, pp. 121–133.
Watson, J.M., Strayer, D.L., 2010. Supertaskers: profiles in extraordinary multitasking ability. Psychon. B Rev. 17 (4), 479–485.
The evidence for the distracting effects of cellphones is overwhelming. Hundreds of studies have already examined this distraction and these findings have been published in scientific journals and several international scientific conferences (e.g. Regan et al., 2008). In general, these studies concluded that the use of cell phone while driving impairs driving performance, causes drivers to miss traffic signs, raises response time to unexpected events, and reduces situation awareness (Burns et al., 2002; Strayer and Drews, 2007; Lee, 2007; Lesch & Hancock, 2004; Kass et al., 2007) and ultimately increases crash injuries (Redelmeier and Tibshirani, 1997; McEvoy et al., 2005).
Tractinsky, N., Ram, E. S., & Shinar, D. (January 01, 2013). To call or not to call—That is the question (while driving). Accident Analysis and Prevention.