aside from your height and your inseam , other items come into play. For me it was my back. Im an older commuter and have a bad back. I commute 45 minutes each direction. I needed to have a more upright riding position like a dual sport, or hybrid. ALso for me, I have trouble with vision when im in a more lay down position.
don't take me wrong, I do have a road bike too and I like its speed.
Yes riding in the rain, disc brakes are nice. If you go non disc brake, then get some kool stop salmon pads for the rain.
Budget, keep in mind you will not likely find a bike with all you need. Fenders, racks, bags, lights