Yep should be in touring.

Doesn't need to be a pipe dream lots of people do it.

start here:
http://www.bikeforums.net/forumdisplay.php/47-Touring
www.adventurecycling.org routes, maps
www.crazyguyonabike.com touring journals, many have gear lists

You can go however long you want per day. Riding alone is fine, you'll meet more people that way. riding with someone you don't know usually results in splitting up at some point, but you could try it. look at crazyguy for gear lists, also look at history in the touring forum here. both of those sites have a 'partners wanted' section. there are lots of 'how much does it cost" and "what do I bring" conversations.

there are a bunch of ways to do it, you can camp every night, camp in campgrounds or wild camp, stay in hotels, a mix of those. You can cook or eat in restaurants. you can carry a laptop or a paper map. all up to you. all good. pretty much, the more stuff you carry, the harder the riding is, though, so you want to make careful decisions about what is important to you.

colorado is great for touring. ride around in the mountains, don't just tag the border and go home.