The speech has to be longer than 4 minutes and less than 5. I would have made this lot more simplified if I could. Here is the current revised edition

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Did you know that more than sixty percent of people who ride bikes do not know how to repair a puncture in a tire? You may call this repairing a flat. It is required more often than any other type of repair you can do on a bike. Everyone who rides a bike, even Lance Armstrong, should know how to fix one. Although it sounds pretty hard, in reality, once you do it a couple of times it almost becomes second nature. It is really pretty simple. There are twelve steps to fixing your tire.

Before you do anything else, empty the air from the tube. The first step is to take the wheel off the bike. This is easily performed on most bikes with caliper brakes by opening the “quick release” lever and pulling the wheel out. The next step is to take the tire and tube off the wheel. To do this you should use a plastic tire lever to move the lip of the tire over the rim. When I say lip, I mean the part of the tire that comes in contact with the rim. The rim is the side of the wheel, where the tire lip rests and is also the part that the brakes grab on to. The third step is to take the tube out by pulling it and the tire off the rim. The tube is underneath the tire and will usually be limp and sagging, like a popped balloon, because it was punctured.

The fourth step is a bit tricky. You are supposed to put air in your tube and put it under water to see if any bubbles come out from the tube. Where the bubbles are is generally where the puncture occurred. However often you might be stuck on the side of the road with no water in sight. If you are in this type of situation, it is easiest to spritz water on the tire from a water bottle and then squeeze the tire to see where it fizzes. Repeat this procedure on each section of the tube. Once you find the hole see how big it is. If the hole isn't too big patch it using the patch kit. The patch looks like a big band-aid. If applied properly a regular patch will last forever. The next thing you should do when applying a patch, is to sandpaper the leak area to prep it. The patch is not self adhesive so you need to add glue to the tube itself. Wait for the glue to dry before applying the patch. This may seem counter-intuitive, but you won't get a good bond if you put the patch on wet. Apply pressure on the patch and glue for sixty seconds. The patch should stay and you can continue on with the repair. If, however, the hole is too big to be patched, replace the entire tube rather that attempting to patch it.

The next step is very important. Once you have done the last stept check the location of the puncture on the tire to make sure there is not anything that could pop the tube again. Be sure to check the whole inside of the tire. This last step is absolutely crucial and could screw up the whole repair if you don’t do it right. Next put the tire and the tube half on. With the tube partially inflated, put the valve of the tube inside the hole of the tire. Then you stuff the tube back into the tire. After that put slightly more air in the tube and then put the tire and tube on all the way. Pump the wheel up to the maximum pressure, and then you are set to put the wheel back on your bike.

Although flats happen once in a blue moon, it is useful to know how to repair one. You may never know when this information could help you. It has certainly helped me many times. These twelve steps may seem like a lot of information, but in reality I’ve barely scratched the surface.