I see here a trade-off some way. Cold will go through the fabric (or the foam rubber) instead of aerogel. Nature always goes the easiest way.
My wool felt insole is no better probably half its original thickness now so there is probably always a trade-off somewhere.
I've just read from wiki that aerogel is a poor radiative insulator. Problem easy to solve with an aluminum layer anyway.
I also read from wiki that the more pressure there is on it worst the insulation become. Probably still better than other type of insulation but someone that weight 60kg/75kg/90kg on a tiny feet surface is more than the 2.5kg that the picture shows on wiki. Must be the reason why it is infused into fabric
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aerogel
it has remarkable thermal insulative properties, having an extremely low
thermal conductivity: from 0.03
W/m·
K[SUP]
[12][/SUP] in atmospheric pressure down to 0.004 W/m·K[SUP]
[8][/SUP] in modest vacuum, which correspond to
R-values of 14 to 105 (US customary) or 3.0 to 22.2 (metric) for 3.5 in (89 mm) thickness.