I have a quad and I think my spindle is 127mm and it was enough, but details depend on the frame. I also have a 132mm spindle (TA Specialites) in my stock, but in the end did not need to use it for the purpose. (My 127 is Ti and 132 is steel.) The ability to move the spindle off center was critical to get the innermost ring as close as possible to the frame but without any scratching.

I cut the fender and I filed down both stops in the original derailleur, as Ankelwork suggested. However, more recently I found out a better derailleur solution that did not require me to muck with the stops at all, in direct-mount derailleurs. They are used for carbon frames but also for fat bikes and you can get adapters for them. The triple ones have a more generous swing than the clamp-on derailleurs, possibly to make it easier to deal with variety of situations on fat bikes. With the adapters you can push them as far as you want away from the seattube. Getting them closer should be possible too, but would require mucking with the mounts. I even started that, but in the end just used the standard mount and it worked after some tweaking of the cage. My quad is fully indexed and works in practice like butter.