Here's a cut-and-paste from the UCI track cycling rules .PDF I have sitting on my hard drive. I've bolded the interesting sections.

If I am reading this correctly, it means that he required the permission of the Russian cycling governing body, needed to notify the UCI one hour in advance, and had to immediately take a drug test after the race (and pay for the travel expenses of the UCI officials and drug testers).

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3.5.002 The World Record is the exclusive property of the UCI.
The UCI is the exclusive holder of all audio-visual, marketing and other rights relating to any attempt
to set a world or any other record. The UCI may surrender those rights on any conditions that it may
determine.
(text modified on 1.01.02).
3.5.003 Only the UCI may recognise and confirm a world record.
(text modified on 1.01.02).
3.5.004 The UCI also recognises and confirms Olympic records.
3.5.005 Records may be set during a competition or during a special attempt that shall also be ridden in
accordance with the relevant UCI regulations.
A special attempt must be authorized in writing in advance by the national federation of the rider(s).
This authorization must reach the UCI no later than one month prior to the attempt.
10185-3tra-E 31.8.2005 11:16 Page 45
UCI CYCLING REGULATIONS
TRACK RACES 46 E0805
Specific world record attempts shall not take place during the world championship competitions
other than for the hour record or the best hour performance.
(text modified on 1.01.02).
3.5.006 The public and the Press shall be able to attend World Record attempts for their full duration.
The number of spectators and Press personnel may be limited in the interest of sporting performance,
subject to prior UCI agreement.
3.5.007 For record attempts outside competition the rider or the team shall take the track alone.
(text modified on 1.01.02).
3.5.008 Records must be set on a UCI-approved track.
Only bicycles admitted by the Track Race Regulations may be used.
A starting block shall be used in all specialities with a standing start, including the hour record.
3.5.009 If the record attempt takes place in a country other than that of the National Federation of the rider,
both Federations shall reach an agreement which shall ensure that the attempt may be made under
the best possible circumstances, especially with regard to policing services, timekeeping, commissaires
and the drug test.
(text modified on 1.01.02).
3.5.010 Any costs incurred by the attempt shall be met by the rider (including the travel and accommodation costs
of the international commissaire and the drug-test inspector, the laboratory costs and other UCI expenses).
If the attempt takes place in some other country, the National Federation of that country shall be
entitled to be reimbursed any expenses it may have had to incur.
The rider’s National Federation shall be held jointly liable for paying costs incurred by the attempt.

Verification
3.5.014 A record set during a competition shall be confirmed only if a UCI international commissaire has been monitoring
the race as member of the Commissaires Panel and signs the report referred to in article 3.5.016.
3.5.015 Any record attempt shall be authorised beforehand by the National Federation of the country where
the attempt takes place. The National Federation shall appoint a UCI international commissaire to
supervise the attempt. For an hour record attempt, the commissaire shall be appointed by the UCI.
Report
3.5.016 A succinct report specifying the circumstances in which the record has been set shall in all cases be
drawn up on the models provide by the UCI. The report shall be immediately written and signed by
the UCI international commissaire and by at least one other official present and by the rider(s) who
set the record.
See appendix 1
(text modified on 1.01.02).
3.5.017 The international commissaire shall then send the report, with the original time-keeping sheets, to the UCI.
Drug Test
3.5.018 No World Record can be confirmed if the rider in question did not submit to the drug test conducted
in accordance with the UCI Anti-doping Examination Regulations at the end of the race. For the four
kilometre team speciality, all 4 riders shall take the test.
The record can be confirmed only on the basis of a certificate issued by the laboratory indicating that
the test proved negative.
(text modified on 1.01.02).