Originally Posted by
LazyLegs
It's a Forum, this is the medium for asking these questions. If baffles as to why there is always at least one responder in forums who's stock answer is, why don't you look it up yourself on the internet.
Not a
stock answer at all.
You are asking for an Enormous Undertaking of comparative research across decades of technical change by many manufacturers serving distinct markets and functions.
An effort of this size and scope is not really suitable for a quick forum response off the top of one's head.
A quick synopsis will not likely be forthcoming, although copyrighted work by dedicated researchers on facets of the topic is available.
Note other responders are pointing you at research sources, use them if you are actually interested in learning the technical history of the sport.
Like cycling itself research on it's technology takes considerable time and effort, and no one can turn "the cranks"
for you.
-Bandera