That's a cool chart. One time I really messed up and wore a sweater under my then new windproof cycling jacket. I was par boiled! Literally soaked through with sweat and steaming off the top of my head when I took off my helmet.
The main thing- as the jacket works so well with little under it- is adjusting hand, head, and foot protection for various temps. It was/ is a learning experience- but with practice have gotten fairly good at it.
This morning it was 6 degrees. Thermal underwear and tights for legs/ summer jersey, thermal underwear "top", and jacket for upper body/ two pairs socks (one wool, plastic bread bags, one cotton) for feet/ downy mittens for hands/ and balaclava, knit beanie for head. Worked great. On the way home it was 20 degrees so was able to shed a few items.
A balancing act, and somewhat of a PITA, but hey, worth it!