I am not measuring, only observing. I know I have to work hard to keep up with her on flats. she (seems) to have no trouble maintaining her cadence. Then we get to hills. partially, my bike may be better designed for hills, hers for flats, partially i may be a better or more intuitive shifter and can transfer my power more efficiently into the hill, and maybe we are built different, and for some reason I climb faster. I certainly have more upper body strength, so that may play into the climbing. My posture on the bike is also different. so many factors. I find it all very interesting, because I don;t think they are the same thing, climbing and flats, they are so very different, and some are better than others at one or both.