As others mentioned, most of the plated hardware can be protected with wax or oil films made for the job, or you can replace it with stainless steel. It also helps to do what boat owners do, and that's to wash/rinse with fresh water from time to time, rather than just letting salt build up.

The stainless steel spokes (if they are) may have failed because they were the wrong grade. Every once in a while I see spokes made of a grade that's especially prone to chloride damage (from the chlorine in salt). Your sweat wicks into the spoke's crosses, where evaporation deposits the salt, which attacks the steel compromising it's strength and making it about as brittle as raw spaghetti. You can recognize this as black marks or veins in the steel. Non stainless spoes simply rust through via the same mechanism of sale deposits at the crosses.

Not all spokes are equally vulnerable, so I'd look for other spokes with black dots, or squeeze the spokes to raise tension and break any other brittle ones. If you see more of those brittle spokes, have the wheel rebuilt (IMO this should be a warranty job).

IME- the right spoke material is pretty resistant to chloride or acid damage, so I'd be surprised if you had a repeat.