One thing only one or two posters mentioned is that rarely as riders do we present the same aerodynamic drag area and coefficient when riding upwind vs riding downwind. We almost universally sit up, sometimes a lot when headed downwind. I rode about 30 miles upwind Sunday with the flags straight out. I was in the drops, arms bent or forearms horizontal nearly the entire time. Coming home, I did long stretches riding no-hands. (I was riding fix gear so that put something of a limiter in my downwind speed but I did flip the wheel and rode home one tooth higher than going out.)

BEn