Originally Posted by
rmfnla
You definitely need new pads; those are worn, dried out and way out of adjustment.
That being said, fietsbob is right, it's obvious you don't have the mechanical chops to deal with this and brakes are not the best place to start learning.
Go to your LBS, ask them to swap out your pads, and ask if they'll let you watch so you can learn...
You guys are funny about mechanical chops.
I'm sure you're right about the pads being worn out but I'll have to check again for the adjustment.
I'll give it a quick go myself but won't be shy to visit a shop if I can't figure it out.
Thanks a lot everyone for your help, much appreciated.