As everyone has said, there's going to be some trial and error for you

For myself, I'm happy with just a pair of arm warmers and wool cycling cap down to the low-mid 50s. Leg warmers, thin gloves and a wool base layer get added to get down to about 45
45 down to about freezing is a pair of bib tights, thermal jersey with wool base layer, wool beanie, shoe covers, and mid weight gloves
35 down to about 15 is the same, but with heavier gloves, a good soft shell vest, and a balaclava.
Below that is when the jacket and winter boots come out