Cary, NC claims to sweep collector streets once every three months; bike lane cleaning is done as part of the street sweeping. The arterials are all state-maintained, and they never get swept.
Some of the bike lanes quickly fill up with leaves, pine needles, pinecones, etc. depending on the location. Others fill with sand in the winter and are not swept until spring. Gravel and broken glass are found year-round; the busiest streets see the most of this.